even though the algorithm does not.
- We look at a particuar level of recursion. We will call it a "level of detail"straddling B.
- We will have large triangles of size ≥B, inside which there are smallertriangles of size ≤B (reminds me of sierpinski).
- We know that the algorithm recursively lays it out, and triangle storeseverything "inside" it in a contiguous region. So we stop at therequisite size where we know that the tree's triangles themselvescontain triangles which fit into the block size.
- A little triangle of size less than B can live in at most two memory blocksby straddling a block boundary: by eg. having (B−1) bits in one blockand a single bit in another block.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 <- index
| | | <- boundary
|-xxxxxxx-----| <- data
- The question is that on a root-to-leaf bpath, how many such triangles dowe need to visit. Since we repeatedly divide the nodes in half with respect to height until the little triangle has number of nodes lessthan B, the height is going to be O(logB) since it's still a binary tree.
- total height in O(logN).
- so height of "chunked tree" where we view each triangle as a single nodeis logN/logB=logBn.
- insight: ou data structure construction in some sense permits us to"binary search on B" since we divide the data structure into levelsbased on B. if B=N, then the full data structure fits into memoryand we're good.
§ Black box: ordered file maintainince
We need a black box: ordered file maintainance (linked list for arrays)
- Store n elements in specified order in an array of linear size O(N).Array permits gaps.
- updates: delete element, insert elements between 2 elements.
- cannot do this in linear time, but we can move elements in an interval ofsize log2(N) amortized.
- We need O(1) scans for the data structure.
§ Next: dynamic BST (inserts and deletes): layout
we take a VEB static tree on top of an ordered file. Tree is a segtree
that has max of nodes. Leaves are the members of the ordered file.
§ Updates
- search for node.
- update ordered file.
- propogate updates into the tree. This will have to be done in post-orderbecause we need the leaves to be fixed before we can update the parent
max
.
§ Updates: analysis.
- look at level of detail that straddles B.
- Let us look at the bottom 2 levels.
- Note that when we perform post-order inside a triangle that has 3 trianglesof size ≤B, we need to alternate between parent triangle and child triangle.Since the parent triangle is of size ≤B and can therefore takeat most 2B blocks of memory, similarly the child can take at most 2Bblocks of memory.
- So if our cache can hold 4 blocks of memory, we're done.We won't need to kick anything out when performing the post-ordertraversal.
- For levels that are above the bottom 2 levels, we're still OK. thereare not many triangles! / not many nodes! (
1:16:00
in the video)
§ References